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You wanted to know about the Russian Avant-garde?

Did know about the Russian Avant-garde, what moves, what it is and why the name? Mariana Mendoza, Argentina


Dear Mariana, all works of art belong to an artistic movement. That's half the fun for the observer in the art. If you know it, you'll appreciate more the work.


The first movement in Russia was The Itinerant that began in 1870 and ending in 1923. The main artists of this movement were: Ilya Repin, Vasily Surikov, Kramskov Ivan, Nikolai and Vladimir Makovsky Katsakin. Itinerant artists was an association of socially and politically motivated, his goal was to paint the rural landscape and urban social conditions of life daily, imposing a stiff reaction to the conservatism of the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg. Its purpose was that his work more accessible to a geographically and economically diverse audience. Travelers wanted to teach the strengths and difficulties of the country in a loving way, nationalist but realistic. This movement is called Itinerant because their traveling exhibitions throughout the country.

Ilya Repin, The Volga Barge Haulers , 1870, 73

World of Art, is the second movement in Russia, which existed from 1898 to 1906. Its main representatives were Leon Bakst and Sergey Diaghilev, Dmitri Merezhovsky and Mikhail Vrubel. It was a movement of artists, writers and musicians founded in 1898 in St. Petersburg by the employer of Sergey Diaghilev ballet. The group published a magazine called Mir Iskusstva and art exhibitions held abroad who helped establish the art Symbolist and Art Nouveau in Russia, trying to counter the movement with an emphasis on social Travelers. This art movement was against what they taught in art schools. They used light colors and simplified compositions primitives.

Mikhail Vrubel, Swan Princess, 1900

Neo Primitivism began in 1908 and lasted until 1912. The main artists of this movement were Natalia Goncharova, Mikhail Larionov, Marc Chagall, Kazimir Malevich and Vladimir Tatlin. It is a movement that was inspired by children's art, images of Russian Orthodox icons and folk art. His art was very colorful painted with force and did not have the traditional illusion of perspective.

Marc Chagall, 's Birthday, 1915

The fourth movement was Rayonism, from 1912 to 1914. The main figures were Natalia Goncharova, Mikhail Larionov and Sergei Romanovich. Rayonism name was placed by the painter Mikhail Larionov. appeared in the Manifesto Rayonist in Moscow in 1913. The INDICATED announced that Rayonism was the synthesis of Cubism, Futurism and Orphism. The scratches can be figurative paintings, portraits, landscapes or completely abstract but all had lots of color, were painted vigorously and characterized by an emphasis on lines that were called rays, which were derived from the Futurist "lines of force." The beams were intended to express new ideas of "continuation of space and time", made by physicist Albert Einstein and Ernst Mach and test the feel of the fourth dimension. Rayonism short-lived because Larionov and Goncharova moved from Moscow, but left to artists Russians abstraction.

Natalia Goncharova, El Bosque , 1913

El Cubo Futurism is the fifth Russian movement began in 1913 and completed in 1914. Its main figures were Natalia Goncharova, Mikhail Larionov, Liubov Popova, Olga Rozanova and Kazimir Malevich. This movement incorporated neo primitive subjects derived from folklore, icons and children's art. surface in a cubist style and futuristic setting tubular shapes against geometric funds evoking a mechanical world related to the contemporary work of Leger.

Olga Rozanova, City on Fire , 1914

The Constructivism was the sixth Russian movement began in 1913 until 1923. The main representatives are Naum Gabo, Lyubov Popova, Aleksandr Rodchenko, Olga Rozanova, Vladimir Tatlin. This movement rejected fabric paint designs for utilitarian objects with the intention of mass production. After watching the first assembly of Picasso with sheet metal and metal strings and seeing their collages and paintings were made of three dimensions, Tatlin returned to Russia. He began making his counter-reliefs, abstract assemblages industrial metal, ropes and wood were the first abstractions in the history of sculpture. This was an emphasis on space rather than the traditional sculpture because the concern was the mass. In 1925 the Communist Party ruled against abstraction and in 1932 all cultural groups were completed. In 1934 a new movement propagandist Social Realism movement began as the only official art of the Soviet Union.

Vladimir Tatlin, a Corner Relief , 1915

Suprematism was the seventh Russian art movement began in 1915 until 1923. Its main figures were: El Lissitzky, Kazimir Malevich, Ivan Puni, and Aleksandr Rodchenko . was the first artistic movement that reduced painting abstract geometric figures only to get rid of real world references. In an essay Malevich Suprematism defined as "the supremacy of pure sensation" and traces its roots to Cubism and Futurism .

Kazimir Malevich, Krasnodar , 1916-17

Each movement has a specific name that says what it is visual movement. As you may have noticed, some artists' art is not static and that some of the artists were in several movements. Mariana you have to remember is that all these movements are known as the Russian Avant-garde, which occurred from 1890 to 1930. It is called so because they were seven new movement created by the Russians and that's all a very important event in the world of art.

hope my answer was to your liking.

Augusto jump